2018-03-16 Oracle 宅必备

安装环境

操作系统版本:Redhat 6.7 64位

Oracle版本: Oracle 11.2.0.4

ORALCE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

数据文件目录:/oradata

日志文件目录:/oralog

1. 设置hosts文件

vim /etc/hosts

10.65.204.228 LQas-12test1

2. 关闭防火墙及selinux

service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off

service ip6tables stop

chkconfig ip6tables off
vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

3. 安装必要的包

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61

elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

glibc-2.5-12 /glibc-common-2.5-12 /glibc-devel-2.5-12

gcc-4.1.1-52 /gcc-c++-4.1.1-52

libaio-0.3.106 /libaio-devel-0.3.106  

libgcc-4.1.1-52 /libstdc++-4.1.1 

libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52.e15 

make-3.81-1.1

sysstat-7.0.0

unixODBC-2.2.11

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

使用yum安装:

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXp make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel ksh

4. 设置系统内核参数

shmmax和shmall的设置

shmmax指的是单个内存段的最大值,单位为bytes

shmall指的是Orale能使用的最大内存大小,单位为pages,

pages大小可通过 getconf PAGE_SIZE 命令查询,一般操作系统page大小为4096 bytes

如操作系统内存为8G,给80%给Oracle使用,则

kernel.shmmax=(80.81024 * 1024 * 1024 )=6871947673

kernel.shmall=kernel.shmmax/4096=1677721

如原文件的值较大则保留

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 107374182400

kernel.shmall = 26214400

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default =4194304

net.core.rmem_max =4194304

net.core.wmem_default =262144

fs.file-max = 6815744

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

最后保存配置

/sbin/sysctl -p

5. 设置OS shell限制

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536
vim /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

6. 建立用户和组

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

7. 建立oracle目录

[root@]# mkdir  -p  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

[root@]# mkdir  -p  /u01/app/oracle/  

[root@]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app

[root@]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app

[root@]# chown -R oracle:dba /oradata

[root@]# chmod -R 775 /oradata

[root@]# chown -R oracle:dba /oralog

[root@]# chmod -R 775 /oralog

8. 设置环境变量

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=hdb1

#export ORACLE_UNQNAME=hdb

export NLS_LANG=american_america.al32utf8

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin